Prerequisites for inflammation of lung tissue in infants
Depends on the age of the baby and the conditions of his life, the causes of pneumonia are different infections: In newborns, the pathogenic flora often becomes a nosocomial infection, and infec - tion can also occur in utero. Through mums the herpes virus, chlamydia, cytomegalovirus can pass. In the criteria of the polyclinic is transferred streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, digestive rod. For the first year of life, a child may fall ill with inflammation as a result of the introduction of pneumococci, a little less often - a hemophilic rod. Pre-school children as a prerequisite is a hemophilic or digestive rod. At this age, the possibility of developing atypical pneumonia (mycoplasmal or chlamydial) increases. Preterm infants, infants with immunodeficiency or acquired foci of infection are more susceptible to developing inflammation. In utero, the disease can unfold at the same time with the aspiration of amniotic fluid. The features of the structure of the respiratory system in infants worsen the course of the disease. Therefore, in this case, therapy is performed only with the role of a specialist - a pediatrician or a children's pulmonologist. In children before a certain age, the trachea and bronchi are narrower than in adults, therefore sputum is much more difficult to leave, and stopping it leads to increased multiplication of microbes. Respiratory deficiency develops vividly, because the nervous order that regulates the functioning of the lungs is again imperfect, does not have time to be rebuilt to be a rapid development of the pathological process.Future pneumonia
Pneumonia in infants is acute, if the action develops quickly and the correct treatment takes less than a month. Acquired (long) pneumonia is considered in this case, if the symptomatology lasts more than 4 weeks, however, its severity is significantly reduced. Depending on the lesion, clinicians distinguish one-sided and two-sided pneumonia.According to the results of X-ray diagnostics, it can exist: Focal. At the same time, infiltrative configurations carry the nature of the focus in the size before the 1-centimeter. Sometimes the lesions are connected and take up whole parts of the lung. Segmented. Often has a long stroke and ends with fibrosis. Croupous. Has a difficult course, a love of diffusion, with traditional stages of tide, reddish and grayish curing and resolution. Often the pleural effusion is involved in inflammatory action. Interstitial. It can flow, like focal or diffuse pneumonia with the predominant involvement of interstitial tissue. Pneumonia also differs according to the etiological sign (viral, fungal or bacterial) and the presence or absence of complications.Signs of pneumonia
Symptoms of pneumonia have some reward in nursing infants and older children.Особенности проявления у грудничков
Потому что защитные силы организма у новорожденных опять мало совершенны, то и всякий знак развития воспаления легочной ткани довольно обнаруживаться не беспричинно, вроде у взрослого человека: For the first room comes a change of breath. The frequency of respiratory movements increases and exceeds the usual characteristics (after 45-50 per minute and more). An indicative sign of impending shortness of breath is the periodic retraction of intercostal spaces. There is this phenomenon from the side of the lung, involved in the action of inflammation. The custom of the child changes. He becomes nervous, choosers, eats and sleeps poorly. Sometimes there is vomiting or coughing. Diarrhea and abdominal pain can develop. The development of the disease should be given respect for the nasolabial triangle. Disturbance of ventilation of the lungs manifests itself in the form of its blueing. Body temperature can exist different. Through usual or subfebrile before the highest (40 degrees and above). The child's good will be pneumonia because of the small space of time, soon deteriorating, therefore the disease asks for urgent measures.
Symptoms in the baby 3 years
In children, then the merits of two to three years of pneumonia are slightly different: There is a cough. Before - not useful, but later begins the selection of phlegm with purulent contents. Develops shortness of breath. Listening to the lungs' fields above the affected area reveals wheezing. Increases the temperature, which may not achieve large numbers, but it is measured and does not give in to antipyretic agents. A fundamental feature is the specifically measured nature of the fever being given the disease. Appears pale skin, aggravated by obscurity and hunger. Quite often, the development of pneumonia in childhood is directly associated with a complication through an acute viral infection. Therefore, to deteriorate the state and the absence of effect through the cure of a cold should immediately move to the specialist for additional examination.The image of inflammation also depends on the type of disease and the area of damage to the lung tissue: Focal surrender (bronchopneumonia) is accompanied by usual signs, which flow sharply or subacute. Correctly traced adhesion to ARI, if for 5-7 days there is a worsening of the condition and an increase in symptoms of shortness of breath and intoxication. Segmental inflammation is acute. With all this, there is an increase in temperature, there are pains in the thoracic cage. In most cases, the right side of the lung is capitulated. An impartial test in this case is of little informative, for the diagnosis is necessary X-ray reproduction. To be croupous pneumonia in children there is a sharp occurrence, the highest temperature, reaching in front of 40-41 degrees. After a few days, the departure of a sputum of rusty color begins. Very often in children, this modification of pneumonia is mixed with the abdominal symptom. Timely healing helps to reduce the incidence of certain stages of the disease. To be incorrectly selected therapy pathology can go into a protracted form. Interstitial pneumonia is often registered in newborns and premature infants. Sometimes it appears as a result of dystrophy or the state of immunodeficiency. There may be differences from the nervous system and in the digestive tract. Often there is a decrease in pressure.Features of the manifestation of viral pneumonia
Viral pneumonia in infants differs through bacterial inflammation in those who have the smallest incubation gap and are infectious for no reason, like and at least some viral disease. For the sake of her typical prodromal interval, who is expressed in an aching joints and muscles, migraine and runny nose. Body temperature with all this is often very high, near 38-39 degrees. Symptoms of general intoxication to be a viral pneumonia are usually not expressed without reason much, like to be other types of contagious process. Sputum appears prot, has a mucous nature. Sometimes it allows you to find a small number of blood. If the sputum becomes purulent, then this indicates the accession of the pathogenic bacterial flora. It is permissible to listen to an impartial study during the auscultation period to listen to hard breathing and not expressed single wheezing. The presence of wet raznochalibnyh rales is more typical for bacterial pneumonia.Peculiarities of therapy
Healing of pneumonia in newborns is carried out exclusively in the hospital. The development of pneumonia in the baby for the sake of hospitalization is: age is younger than those years; inflammation of one or more of them; development of severe respiratory deficiency or other complications (pleurisy, capitulation of the central nervous system); presence of other severe pathology (kidney disease, immunodeficiency); a protracted type of disease, which is poorly controlled by medication; gyropathy. While the feverish good lasts, the baby should perform bed rest, swallow more warm water (broths, juices, mineral water) is allowed and perform a diet. The desire to consume warm food in semi-liquid form.Обычное исцеление
Эталоны исцеления воспаления легочной ткани у малышей содержат в себе этиотропное и симптоматическое исцеление: Bactericidal properties are selected first empirically through. Later, if necessary, remuneration is performed, if the positive dynamics are not observed throughout the day. Usually, in this case, penicillins, cephalosporins or macrolides help. To be languid in the course of the disease, drugs are administered intramuscularly or intravenously. Then such treatment often requires a dose of probiotics for the prevention of dysbiosis. If the pathology is caused by chlomidia infection, then the macrolide room is used. Viral pneumonia is treated with immunoglobulins and other antiviral agents. Fungal inflammation with specific antifungal products. To be the highest temperature is prescribed antipyretic (Paracetamol), for the improvement of the output of phlegm, mucolytics are recommended. To prevent the development of an allergic reaction, antihistamine pharmaceutical substances are used. If pneumonia occurs with signs of bronchospasm, inhalation forms of bronchodilators (Salbutamol) are accepted. To be the smallest signs of respiratory deficiency is used this way of healing, like oxygen therapy. Contraindicated to be pneumonia in babies to extract any antitussive property. For the sake of improving the outflow of sputum and accelerating resorption, a special massage is used to be pneumonia in infants. As a supplement to general healing, physiotherapy procedures (electrophoresis, exercise therapy) are recommended. Now it is perfectly clear, like to treat pneumonia. If by the way to provide help, then almost always the prognosis of being a given ailment is appropriate.
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