Rheumatism in the child: manifestations and therapy Symptoms and methods of treatment of malaria Without contagious diseases, there is one exception: they appear later on into the human body of an infection that provokes the development of pathology. Malaria is no exception and it also belongs to this group of diseases. The malaria is understandable for a long time. Again, at the end of the 19th century, European scientists determined the root cause and symptoms of malaria. It refers to the parasitic disease of a person who has a contagious nature. Due to the development of the disease, the liver and spleen increase, the cells of the blood are affected, anemia occurs. In translation from Italian malaria means "bad air."
There are future malaria, like a three-day, oval-malaria, four-day and tropical malaria. The emerging visibility of the disease is dependent on the effects of various plasmodia affecting the functioning of the human body. During the development of the disease, four steps are distinguished: The incubation interval of malaria, who can last a different amount of time depending on the type of disease and the one that the strain of microbes provoked the development of the disease. If it is a malaria-oval or a three-day incubation interval, it will last 1-3 weeks, be tropical for 2 weeks, 4 days for 2-5 weeks. The interval of primary acute manifestations, characterized by the onset of fever attacks. Secondary latency, if the infectious disease subsides. In the case of improper therapy or lack of proper treatment, after 3-4 weeks or 5-10 months there may be a repetition. The interval of relapses associated with the activation of slowly developing or sleeping plasmodia. If the incubation is completed, the malady may seem to have such symptoms: general illness, impotence and drowsiness; there are migraines, discomfort and joint pain, attacks of vomiting; can multiply the spleen due to the rapid destruction of red blood cells; there is anemia due to the rapid destruction of a large number of red blood cells; Hemoglobinuria is noted in this case, if hemoglobin is excreted in the urine; the appearance of jaundice is directly related to the destruction of erythrocytes and hemoglobin.To be a four-day malaria, the corresponding symptom is the capitulation of the kidneys, and the tropical appearance of the disease is characterized by the obstruction of the capillaries.
More fanciful visibility of malaria. Fever can last up to 36 hours, while the body temperature of the infected rises in front of 40 degrees, which is quite healthy influences for good health of the ill. The interval between seizures is very small - only 3-4 hours. With all this, often there is no phase of sweating, the range of chills may be shortened. In fever times, such symptoms may also appear, such as: insomnia; nausea and vomiting; diarrhea; joint, muscle and migraine; confusion of consciousness; signs of bronchitis and pneumonia; disorders in the work of the kidneys; convulsions. Tropical fever asks for emergency medical help, because inactivity can lead to severe complications in the form of acute kidney deficiency, malarial coma, hemoglobinuria fever and others. The lack of timely healing can begin with the premise of a fatal ending.
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Prerequisites for the onset of the disease
Earlier the disease was called "swamp fever". The main preconditions for the development of malaria are certain suitable conditions, for the sake of developing the parasites themselves, for no reason, and for the sake of mosquitoes that are carriers. It is a wet hot climate. Malaria appears in this case, if parasitic simple, belonging to the genus of malarial plasmodium (Plasmodium), enter the human body. The etiology of malaria is as follows: pathological changes in the body will follow after that, like a man was bitten by the Anopheles mosquito, who is the carrier of plasmodia. There are only four types: Plasmodium falciparum causes tropical malaria; Plasmodium vivax - the causative agent of a three-day malaria; Plasmodium malariae provokes the appearance of a four-day malaria; Plasmodium ovale - the causative agent of this type of disease, such as malaria oval. That, like the malaria is transmitted, depends on the path of infection. In the case of a mosquito bite, the sporozoites of the malarial plasmodium enter the human skin through the saliva of the insect. This causelessly called the transmission route of infection. If the blood of the infected person is the prerequisite for the appearance of the disease, it is a question of the parenteral route of infection. Also, the disease can be transmitted through the mothers to the child during pregnancy or the birth process (vertical infection route). Thus, malaria is transmitted by transmissible, parenteral or vertical through.Actual cycle of plasmodia
Parasites that cause such pain, like malaria, go through quite important steps of development. At the same sex cells they lay in the body of a mosquito, and asexual development is associated with the human organism.In this connection, the following stages of development of the malarial plasmodium are distinguished: sporogony - formation of sex cells; schizogony, implying the emergence of new cells by fission. In turn, schizogonia is tissue and erythrocytic. Sporozoites, getting into the liver cells, are transformed into tachysporozoites, bradysporozoites, hypnozoites. After that the parasites destroy the cells of the liver and enter the bloodstream. The merozoites are a young calf that enter into red blood cells, then subsequent modifications form trophozoites that feed on hemoglobin. In the process of complete self-maturation, they rupture the erythrocyte. At the same time, toxins leave the bloodstream uninterruptedly, becoming a prerequisite for fever. If for this step a sufficient number of leading parasitic activity of cells accumulates, they are transformed into gametocytes-the sex cells. For this, the current cycle of Plasmodium - the causative agent of malaria - is completed. Getting into the device of a mosquito bitten by an infected person, the action begins in accordance with the newest.Varieties of malaria and symptoms
There are future malaria, like a three-day, oval-malaria, four-day and tropical malaria. The emerging visibility of the disease is dependent on the effects of various plasmodia affecting the functioning of the human body. During the development of the disease, four steps are distinguished: The incubation interval of malaria, who can last a different amount of time depending on the type of disease and the one that the strain of microbes provoked the development of the disease. If it is a malaria-oval or a three-day incubation interval, it will last 1-3 weeks, be tropical for 2 weeks, 4 days for 2-5 weeks. The interval of primary acute manifestations, characterized by the onset of fever attacks. Secondary latency, if the infectious disease subsides. In the case of improper therapy or lack of proper treatment, after 3-4 weeks or 5-10 months there may be a repetition. The interval of relapses associated with the activation of slowly developing or sleeping plasmodia. If the incubation is completed, the malady may seem to have such symptoms: general illness, impotence and drowsiness; there are migraines, discomfort and joint pain, attacks of vomiting; can multiply the spleen due to the rapid destruction of red blood cells; there is anemia due to the rapid destruction of a large number of red blood cells; Hemoglobinuria is noted in this case, if hemoglobin is excreted in the urine; the appearance of jaundice is directly related to the destruction of erythrocytes and hemoglobin.To be a four-day malaria, the corresponding symptom is the capitulation of the kidneys, and the tropical appearance of the disease is characterized by the obstruction of the capillaries.
Features of fever
Symptomatic of malaria, predominantly fever, is directly related to the concentration of parasites in human blood and appears to be an erythrocytic schizogony. If the number of plasmodia reaches a certain level, the onset of fever begins. What is their concentration should exist in the blood, so that the acute phase of the disease begins, depends on the immunity and personal characteristics of the organism. The fever arising from malaria, contains three phases, replacing each other: cold; inspiration; sweating. Almost always the foray of a strong chill begins to appear in the first half of the day, while the temperature of the body increases evenly. Headaches and muscle pains are noted. Skin whitens, hands and feet feel cold. After a couple of hours the cold is replaced by heat, the body temperature becomes 40-41 h. In this interval there are such signs of malaria, like hyperthermia and hyperemia, dry skin, desire. The size of the liver and spleen increases. Also, convulsions, hallucinations, nervous impulse may begin. In some cases, the raid can stimulate the loss of consciousness. Enthusiasm does not pass near 5-8 hours, sometimes longer. In the subsequent phase, the temperature soon drops and sweat becomes intense. This stop is ending during a fit of fever. That, like a malaria appears, depends on its kind. The slowness of a fever attack, the symptoms of malaria that appear at the end of the incubation period, also depend on the one that the parasite strain has entered into the human body.The three-day
One type of disease is a three-day malaria, for which nausea, short colds, migraines, discomfort in the lumbar region, weakness, general impotence, corresponding to a number of days before the onset of attacks, are appropriate. The period of exacerbation begins soon. Anxious foray into the course of the first week does not have a periodic nature and can begin spontaneously, often in the morning, in the first half of the day. Later the fever is repeated after 24 hours and repeats without a phase phases - cold, inspiration and sweating. Then the fog of seizures is much increased spleen and liver, which are palpated during palpation. In addition, three-day malaria is characterized by the appearance of early and late relapses. The pain can be detected in the course of 2-3 years.Malaria oval
Malaria oval, according to the symptoms, is identical with the three-day period, in addition, it proceeds in a lighter form. Fever in most cases appears in the evening. Also there are relapses - near and distant. Pain lasts for 3-4 years, in rare cases before 8 years.Four-day malaria
Yearly appearance of a malarial disease, for which a sluggish erythrocytic schizogony is characteristic. Attacks appear not acute, appear with a periodicity of 2 days. Weights come in very rare cases. The duration of the disease is 4-5 before 40-50 years. in rare cases - before 8 years.Four-day malaria
Yearly appearance of a malarial disease, for which is characteristic a sluggish erythrocytic schizogony. Attacks appear not acute, appear with a periodicity of 2 days. Weights come in very rare cases. The duration of the disease is 4-5 before 40-50 years. in rare cases - before 8 years.Four-day malaria
Yearly appearance of a malarial disease, for which is characteristic a sluggish erythrocytic schizogony. Attacks appear not acute, appear with a periodicity of 2 days. Weights come in very rare cases. The duration of the disease is 4-5 before 40-50 years.Tropical malaria
More fanciful visibility of malaria. Fever can last up to 36 hours, while the body temperature of the infected rises in front of 40 degrees, which is quite healthy influences for good health of the ill. The interval between seizures is very small - only 3-4 hours. With all this, often there is no phase of sweating, the range of chills may be shortened. In fever times, such symptoms may also appear, such as: insomnia; nausea and vomiting; diarrhea; joint, muscle and migraine; confusion of consciousness; signs of bronchitis and pneumonia; disorders in the work of the kidneys; convulsions. Tropical fever asks for emergency medical help, because inactivity can lead to severe complications in the form of acute kidney deficiency, malarial coma, hemoglobinuria fever and others. The lack of timely healing can begin with the premise of a fatal ending.