Rubella in adults: signs and therapy of pathology Causes of diphtheria...

Rubella in adults: signs and therapy of pathology Causes of diphtheria, symptoms, prevention and treatment of the disease Diphtheria is an acute illness that begins as a result of the introduction of Gram-positive pathogenic corynebacteria into the device. Capitulation affects preferably the upper respiratory tract. At the same time, fibrinous inflammatory mucosal changes occur at the site of penetration, general intoxication is observed, insecurity for the life of complication develops with damage to the nervous system and other organs. Earlier mortality through this disease was quite high, however, the use of vaccination significantly reduced the number of diseases. All, sporadic cases, and sometimes group outbreaks, are still observed, mainly in childhood. Hence the prerequisites of diphtheria, the symptoms, prevention and healing of the disease are the burning problems of modern medicine.

It was noted that the total immunization of collective immunity to diphtheria bacillus is 95% and more. This allows us to express about a fairly low probability of a probable spread of the infection. Infection usually occurs through unhealthy people and carriers, mainly during the incubation period of the development of the pathological process. The nascent can exist different. Transient is about a week, and a longer and more relapsing may last for a couple of years. Transmission is by airborne method. In most cases, infection occurs as a specific contact with a person and fairly less often - through household items, since the pathogen can live in the environment for 2 months. Cases are described if the disease broke out due to pathogenic flora, which is in dairy products. Males at the time of birth have passive immunity acquired through mothers. Therefore, at the risk of the disease, children at risk are children 3 years before the age of 7 years. Schoolchildren are very ill sometimes, because they are forming active immunity.

Which occurs in the body

The foresight of the infection occurs through the mucous membrane of the mouth, pharynx and throat. Sometimes the diphtheria bacillus is introduced through the membranes of the genital organs, the surface of wounds and burns, diaper rash. In rare cases, the disease manifests itself in the form of inflammation of the eye. Then there is an increased multiplication of the bacterium and excretion into the blood of exotoxin. If a person has antitoxic immunity, then the disease does not develop, but with all this he is a carrier. In medical practice, this phenomenon is commonly referred to as an asymptomatic form of the disease. To be reduced immunity, toxic matter, which is a protein in accordance with its own biochemical composition, seeps into the cell. This phenomenon is accompanied by coagulation of the epithelium, an increase in vascular permeability and a violation of blood flow in the microcirculatory bed. Inflammation and blood flow occurs in regional lymph nodes.Then falling into the bloodstream the product of the vital activity of the diphtheria causative agent causes symptoms of general poisoning of the organism. Depending on the state of the immune defense, we begin to develop burdens in the form of pathologies of the kidneys, heart and blood vessels, the peripheral nervous system. Hyperintoxication is a violation of adrenal function. Myocarditis often develops with degeneration of cardiomyocytes. In the kidney, the configuration does not affect its structure, but the organ is usually preserved and the scarcity does not develop. From the side of the peripheral innervation, there are paralyzes of the soft palate, limb muscles and diaphragms

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of the disease have a direct bondage through the places of introduction of the pathogen and the state of the baby's immunity.

Hysterital surrender

To be affected by the oropharynx (recorded in 95% of cases) in vaccinated children the disease runs freely and has a happy ending. Being without vaccination, pain is often severe, with the development of various complications. The localized form of diphtheria is: Catarrhal. There is redness of the tonsils without manifestation of pronounced puffiness and other signs. The pain resembles ARVI or a mild form of sore throat. The island type is characterized by a sharp onset, severe pain in the throat, high temperature. Symptoms of general intoxication are not expressed in most cases. At the site of infection, a gray or yellow coating appears, with clear boundaries. For the sake of diphtheria, a pathognomonic sign is the lack of the ability to remove plaque with a spatula. If all the same, do the diligence and do this, then for the vacated place is a bleeding appearance. The lymph nodes of the cervix grow and become painful to be palpated. The widespread form of the disease is much less frequent. At the same time, symptoms of intoxication prevail. The child is lifeless, indifferent, does not eat well and sleeps, his temperature increases. The film covers not only the edge of the tonsils, but also the surrounding surfaces - the tongue, the arms of the sky, the back wall of the pharynx. Edema for the cervix is ​​not noted, there is lymphadenopathy. In children who have not been vaccinated, diphtheria proceeds in toxic heavy form. Pain begins acutely, fever occurs, the temperature is up to 40 degrees and above. The intoxication syndrome is very pronounced, because the diphtheria toxin is effective for organs and systems. In most cases, the child is completely eliminated through eating, and disorders from the CNS proceed in the form of alternation of inhibition and excitability. Sometimes there is vomiting. To be examined by a small patient is allowed to note pale and dry skin, a hindrance to try to start the mouth, swelling in the throat area before the occurrence of a corresponding plaque. A sweetish spirit comes from the mouth, a whitish coating appears in the tongue. Noisy breathing is noted, convulsive syndrome may begin. Later a thin film arises, later it becomes denser, growing out of the boundary of the localization of the tonsils. Edema spreads to the front portion of the cervix and can kill in front of the collarbone. There is an even grip between the severity of the edema and the severity of the general condition of the baby.

Surrender of the throat

The cuticle of the throat descends from the tonsils downwards and can block airflow into the lungs. This phenomenon bears the name of a real croup. It is divided for three stages: The first is called the croup stage cough. Being there for a background of severe intoxication, the temperature is higher than 38 degrees and above. The voice becomes hoarse, develops a dispassionate, tortured cough in the form of seizures. Consistent with the progression of the pathological process, it increases, it becomes similar to dog barking. A certain number of days develops a degree of stenosis. Breathing comes out with great difficulty and is accompanied by a whistling sound. For the sake of this, an elongated breath is characteristic, with simultaneous entrainment of the intercostal spaces and spaces above the clavicles. The duration of this stage can be about 3 days, the baby's good at this time is aggravated, respiratory deficit develops. To be absent from urgent help, the pain runs to the last, asphyxic stage. The baby has blue limbs and a nasolabial triangle, the burden falls, the pulse weakens and becomes threadlike, the pupils dilate. Cramps develop, there is a loss of consciousness and an end.

Diphtheria of other species

Surrender in the nose area is noted in the most small patients. To be such a manifestation of the disease, the temperature effect is usually insignificant or does not exceed the usual characteristics. Breathing due to swelling of the mucous is difficult. From the nostrils, a mucous fluid can occur. To avoid hygiene and a pronounced decrease in immunity, diphtheria of the eye, umbilical wound, genitals and even skin can begin. In these places a narrow gray film appears. If the diphtheria bacillus is implanted in the conjunctiva, then capitulation is noted one-sided, but later it may also spread to the second eye. The general good of being such a disease is usually not painful.

Principles of Healing

Diphtheria in most cases develops in toddlers and adults, who do not receive timely vaccination, but are in constant contact with other people. Regardless of age and general good, any patient who has this pathology, or there is distrust for her appearance, asks for immediate hospitalization. The patient's isolation lasts for 7 days. During this time, the person with whom he was in contact is examined for them. Observation and healing of the carrier of infection is almost always carried out at home. with whom he contacted. Observation and healing of the carrier of infection is almost always carried out at home. with whom he contacted. Observation and treatment of the carrier of infection is almost always carried out at home. In the base of healing lies the introduction of a special serum. To be languid forms of the disease detoxification therapy is used with the introduction of intravenous infusion mixtures. In most cases, the patient is injected with Reopoliglyukin, sometimes it is combined with ascorbic acid or glucocorticoids. As necessary, the patient receives bactericidal preparations (affecting the coccal flora), antihistamines, bronchodilators, antipyretic drugs. In some cases, a sharp effect can be managed with hormonal pills or injections. It is imperative to simultaneously observe hygiene and revise the nutrition of the sick. The pregnant form of the disease asks for the use of a surgical procedure. To be an obstruction of the airways to the unhealthy is tracheostomy. Specific healing consists in the use of a special serum, which helps to neutralize the act of toxin. It should be installed immediately, immediately after the diagnosis. All if the beginning of the development of diphtheria was 4 and more days, and there is a local appearance of the disease, then the serum is not recommended, because such a strategy will lead to complications. Before the introduction of this healing, a test for the flair begins. Then assessing the site of the subcutaneous injection of a short part of the substance, the healer advises the introduction of serum. A negative test is considered in this case, if the formed papule does not exceed 10 mm in diameter. For the prevention of an allergic reaction, antihistamines and hormonal drugs are administered at all times.

Folk methods of healing

which treatment of diphtheria in infants with non-native drugs should be slandered with the treating doctor. And under no circumstances is it possible to substitute pharmaceutical preparations with natural substances. The best way to live is an all-encompassing healing. This will help to cope with the disease much faster and more efficiently.

Folk doctors advise to extract diphtheria such natural property: The best way to live is an all-encompassing healing. This will help to cope with the disease much faster and more efficiently.

Folk doctors advise to extract diphtheria such natural property: The best way to live is an all-encompassing healing. This will help to cope with the disease much faster and more efficiently.

Folk doctors advise to extract diphtheria such natural property: Lubricate the film formed for the throat, cranberry juice or tincture of rhodiola rosea, which can be bribed in a pharmacy. A tincture of eucalyptus also helps. This should be done 3-4 times a day. It is very useful to be a given disease to mix in similar proportions lemon juice, cranberries and cranberries and drink small sips in a warm form. This consistency allows a simple rinse of the larynx. Take a tablespoon of blackberry and brew in a glass of boiling water. Cleanse a couple of times a day. To be affected by the throat you need to prepare a solution of salt in water and clean it like is allowed more often. For two small spoons of salt should take a liter of water, extracted only in a warm form. A huge benefit is probably from linden and raspberry leaves. A separate ingredient should be taken in accordance with one small spoon and pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. Then, after a 20-minute infusion, swallow 100 ml 3-4 times a day with honey and a slice of lemon. This will help saturate the device with useful substances and reduce the higher temperature. For the sake of rinsing it is permissible to remove the black radish. It should be taken in a crushed state - one huge spoon for 1 liter of boiling water. Insist in the course of the hour and strain. Later add one spoonful of honey and vinegar. Clean the larynx 4 times from day to day. There is another method of using this root. Apply fresh leaves to the throat according to the type of compress, which should be changed according to the extent of their drying. In the course of the day it should be performed more than 5 times. It is advantageous to combine this method with rinsing the larynx with a salt substance. For the prevention of the disease, a timely vaccination should be made in an indispensable manner. Denial through it can lead to the development of a severe form of diphtheria and devilish consequences, because all to exclude the likely contact of the baby with the carrier of this infection is unrealistic.